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Understanding and Treating Temporomandibular Joint Dysfunction - TMJ

Eating and chewing are integral parts of our daily lives and should occur without pain or other complaints. TMJ significantly restricts affected individuals in their daily activities and can manifest not only as severe jaw pain but also as pain in the forehead or temples. Ear noises can also be symptoms of TMJ, greatly limiting the quality of life of those affected. What is TMJ? Temporomandibular Joint Dysfunction, or TMJ, is an umbrella term for functional disorders of the masticatory system that are based on multifaceted causes and can trigger a varied spectrum of complaints in affected individuals. About 8-10% of the population in Germany suffers from TMJ. What are Typical Symptoms and How do I Know if I Have TMJ? Affected individuals may experience typical symptoms, such as: Limited mouth opening Restricted movement of the lower jaw Improper jaw closure Pain in the area of the jaw joints, temples, forehead, along the jaw Painful masticatory muscles Dizziness Ear noises Jaw joint noises (clicking or grinding) Back pain Symptoms of TMJ can be very diverse and individual. If you suffer from the mentioned symptoms or believe you might be affected by TMJ, you should promptly consult a dentist. They can investigate the causes of your symptoms and develop a treatment plan based on their findings. What are The Possible Causes of TMJ? The human masticatory system is complex, and there are many different areas where it can become abnormal or faulty. TMJ rarely arises from a single factor but is usually caused by a combination of different functional disorders, such as chronic tension in the jaw and masticatory muscles, incorrect dental contacts, or changes in the jaw joint itself. However, the psychological aspect should not be overlooked, as TMJ can also be triggered by stress. How Does TMJ Develop? Teeth grinding can wear down tooth enamel. Over time, this can change the bite position and lead to alterations in the position of the jaw joints. Clicking or grinding noises, as well as pain in the jaw joint extending to back pain, can result. The mouth opening and movements in the lower jaw can be limited, making chewing increasingly difficult. In cases of long-standing jaw joint pain with severe complaints, jaw surgery may sometimes be the last resort. As you can see, TMJ leads to a cascade of symptoms. Therefore, we recommend starting TMJ treatment early to avoid late consequences. How is TMJ Treated? A thorough medical history and investigation of the cause(s) are particularly important to create an individually optimal therapy plan. The therapy plan should be not only symptom-oriented but also cause-oriented to ensure a lasting improvement for the affected individuals. When TMJ is diagnosed, therapy is usually quite comprehensive. Often, a jaw joint-aligned splint is custom-made in a dental laboratory. This should be worn for a duration of at least three to six months, at night and also for a few hours during the day. For severe misalignments, early orthodontic evaluation is advisable. Pain medication may be taken for a short period under the direction and prescription of a physician for symptomatic treatment. If there is high psychological stress, for example, due to a significant restriction of quality of life, or if a psychological cause for the symptoms is suspected, psychological support should be sought. This can also direct individuals to self-help groups for symptom management. Physiotherapeutic or speech therapy support may also be included to provide the best possible support for affected individuals. The entire treatment journey, from diagnosis to the start of treatment and the evaluation of therapeutic success, should be guided by a dentist. They have an overview of the symptoms and various therapeutic approaches being pursued throughout the entire period. This is especially essential in TMJ, which is often characterized by particularly complex causes and multiple involved practitioners. In particularly severe cases, jaw surgery may be necessary. Do not let it get to that point, but seek timely consultation with a dentist if you have jaw joint complaints. Is it Necessary to Treat TMJ? The symptoms of TMJ can range from jaw clicking to severe pain and even ear noises among affected individuals. Depending on the type and severity of the symptoms, TMJ can significantly impact the quality of life, making therapy advisable. For severe jaw or dental misalignments, early treatment is recommended, as corrections are easier to perform in a younger dentition. Untreated TMJ can lead to long-term consequences, such as the wearing down of tooth enamel due to grinding, misalignment of the jaw joints leading to permanent damage or stiffening of the joints, and pain becoming chronic without treatment. Therefore, it's crucial to consult a dentist if you experience jaw pain or suspect you might have TMJ, especially to initiate early treatment for younger patients. Overview TMJ is a dysfunction of the masticatory system. Causes, like symptoms, can be diverse. There are both physical and psychological causes. Common physical causes include grinding and dental or jaw misalignments. Stress can be a physical as well as a psychological cause. Often, splint therapy is the first choice of treatment. The dentist guides the treatment path, often consulting other specialists, such as: Psychologists Physiotherapists Speech therapists Orthodontists Schedule your appointment now!

Bruxism - Causes, symptoms, and Effective Treatment Methods

Have you ever been informed by your partner that you're grinding your teeth while asleep, or perhaps you've noticed it yourself during the daytime? It's a common issue, with many individuals experiencing teeth grinding either during the day or at night. But what exactly triggers this grinding, and what implications might it have? This piece offers a comprehensive look at Bruxism. What is Bruxism? Typically, Bruxism refers to teeth grinding, but it can also entail abnormal jaw muscle tension without the teeth making contact. An international expert consensus in 2013 classified Bruxism as "repetitive jaw-muscle activity characterized by clenching, grinding of the teeth, and/or bracing or thrusting of the mandible without teeth contact." This condition is categorized based on its occurrence, either during the day or night, each presenting more commonly in specific age demographics. Sleep Bruxism is also observed in children, with nearly half experiencing it for a certain timeframe. Such grinding is deemed physiological, aiding in relieving teething discomfort and facilitating proper alignment of the upper and lower teeth. Yet, excessive grinding, even in children, is regarded as pathological. If you observe your child grinding their teeth at night, having a professional evaluation is advised. In adults, the prevalence decreases to about one in eight, with daytime grinding being notably more prevalent. Approximately 20% of the population experiences at least one form of Bruxism. Identifying Bruxism: Symptoms and Signs Bruxism's manifestations vary widely among individuals, with common symptoms including: Jaw joint discomfort Pain in the masticatory (chewing) muscles or neck muscles Headaches, predominantly in the temporal region Increased tooth sensitivity Tooth mobility unrelated to periodontal issues Erosion of tooth enamel and/or dental restorations Restricted jaw movement Impressions on the tongue and/or inside of cheeks Noticeably enlarged masticatory muscles The non-inflammatory recession of the gums Symptoms like pain tend to be more pronounced upon awakening in cases of Sleep Bruxism. Potential Triggers of Bruxism While no definitive causes for Bruxism have been pinpointed scientifically, several potential triggers are under discussion. Sleep Bruxism may be influenced by sleep disturbances, psychological stress, substance use, and genetic or biochemical factors. Conversely, Awake Bruxism is often linked to stress and substance consumption as primary catalysts. Diagnostic Approach of Bruxism Typically, a dentist diagnoses bruxism through a comprehensive dental examination, assessing the teeth, temporomandibular joints, and masticatory muscles. Signs of tooth wear suggest grinding, while enlarged or tender masticatory muscles indicate abnormal tension, with or without tooth contact. Additional indicators might include asymmetry in the masticatory muscles, altered facial contours, tooth sensitivity, or deterioration of existing dental restorations. To pinpoint specific concerns, dentists often utilize medical histories and questionnaires, and may also consult with family members. Third-party histories are valuable, as individuals living with the patient are more likely to notice symptoms like nocturnal grinding, especially during nighttime. Treatment Options for Bruxism Tailoring treatment to the underlying cause of bruxism is essential. A dentist should conduct an in-depth diagnostic evaluation to identify these causes. A targeted treatment plan is key to effectively alleviate symptoms. A common intervention is the prescription of a custom-fabricated occlusal guard, designed in a dental lab to specifically fit the patient. This appliance protects the teeth and can disrupt the habitual cycle that leads to grinding. In cases where masticatory muscle tension is the primary cause, the dentist might recommend physiotherapy. If stress is a significant factor, stress management techniques such as progressive muscle relaxation, autogenic training, or meditation can be beneficial. For those with nocturnal bruxism, a specific schedule for wearing the occlusal guard at night is advised. Necessity of Treating Bruxism Not all cases of bruxism require intervention, but a thorough evaluation is crucial. Immediate treatment is warranted if irreversible dental damage, discomfort, or other bruxism-related issues are detected. Persistent bruxism may require an extensive treatment approach. Early examination and intervention are crucial for effective management. Grinding leads to the erosion of tooth enamel, which is irreplaceable and essential for protecting teeth against microorganisms and decay. Worn enamel significantly increases the risk of cavities. Grinding can also damage restorative materials like composite fillings or ceramics, potentially leading to additional treatment costs. Chronic tension in the masticatory muscles can cause pain, restricted jaw movement, and temporomandibular joint damage. Thus, early intervention for bruxism is vital. If you exhibit symptoms, schedule an appointment with your dentist and maintain regular dental check-ups and cleanings. Early detection often occurs during these routine visits. Overview Bruxism encompasses teeth grinding and persistent abnormal jaw muscle tension, both with and without tooth contact. It can manifest as: Sleep Bruxism Awake Bruxism Symptoms vary but often include dental hard tissue wear and masticatory muscle strain. Diagnosis typically involves medical history, thorough dental examinations, and questionnaire assessments. Treatment, ideally performed by a dentist, should address the underlying causes. An occlusal guard is a standard treatment, with additional therapies as needed. Early treatment of bruxism is important to prevent pain and enamel erosion. Regular dental check-ups facilitate early bruxism detection and timely treatment initiation. Schedule a preventative dental appointment today!

Removing Tartar: Why It is Much More Important Than Most Think

Tartar threatens overall oral health: Those who don't take care of it risk secondary diseases from cavities to the degradation of the jawbone due to inflammation. In this article, you will learn how tartar actually forms, why it must be regularly removed, and who should best do it. What is Tartar? Tartar is calcified dental plaque. In its early stage, it is usually yellowish. If not removed in time, it can become darker over time – and more dangerous. This is because various bacterial colonies feel very comfortable on its rough surface, making it the basis for cavities and gum inflammation. How Does Tartar Form? The beginning of all tartar is plaque: This is a mixture of food residues, saliva, and bacteria that together form a fine biofilm on the teeth. This layer forms after every meal. Yet, it can be tackled with diligent oral hygiene. Once such layers harden, they are referred to as tartar. What Types of Tartar exist? Tartar variants are differentiated by where they are located: Supragingival Tartar: This type of tartar forms quickly: It is located above the gum line and usually near the salivary glands. Thus, it is often visible and can cause no lasting damage if removed in time. Subgingival Tartar: This type forms over time and hides in the gum pockets and below the gum edge, where brushing is much more difficult than on the tooth surfaces. It also forms through the deposition of minerals. Unlike the first type, its basis is not saliva but blood serum. Therefore, it is darker. For those affected, it is usually not visible – and even dental personnel often have to specifically search for it with X-rays. Thus, it can contribute to serious inflammations of the gums, later of the jawbone, and periodontium. These deposits are then called "concretions." What to do in Case of Severe Tartar Formation? Severe tartar formation should generally not be allowed to occur in the first place – because long-term consequences, such as gum bleeding or jawbone inflammation, can follow. As a result, internal organs can be attacked by the inflammation. Therefore, thorough oral hygiene is strongly recommended: This includes regular, thorough brushing e.g., with a sonic toothbrush, as well as cleaning the interdental spaces with dental floss and interdental brushes. A sugar-reduced diet can also contribute to less plaque forming in the first place. How Can You Remove Tartar Yourself? Dental plaque can largely be removed at home with some discipline. However, once it has hardened, professionals are needed. Although tartar erasers are now available, how much they help is disputed among experts. They do not replace a visit to the dentist in any case – and unlike the eraser, professional tartar removal is covered by health insurance once a year. How Painful is Tartar Removal? Ultrasound can be a gentle method for removing tartar. Generally, most people do not perceive the removal of supragingival tartar as painful, though it can sometimes be somewhat unpleasant. If it is located in the gum pockets, the treatment can hurt a little bit. Therefore, some dentists offer to counteract this with ice spray or topical anesthetic. Afterward, the gums can be a bit more sensitive for a few days. Does Tartar Removal Replace Professional Tooth Cleaning? Absolutely not. Tartar removal is certainly better than nothing, but typically, only supragingival tartar, i.e., the visible tartar, is removed during tartar removal. Professional teeth cleaning goes far beyond tartar removal and also removes subgingival tartar and discolorations, and thus has a significantly greater impact on oral health. Overview: Tartar threatens oral health and can lead to not only tooth loss but also severe secondary diseases through inflammation. Diligent oral hygiene can act as a preventive measure. Tartar removals are covered once a year by statutory health insurance. Tartar removal does not replace professional teeth cleaning. Time For a Professional Teeth Cleaning Again? At Dental21 practices, you benefit from treatment with state-of-the-art technology. You can find us at over 50 locations throughout Germany. Want to get rid of your tartar? Book Your appointment today!

Removing Tooth Discoloration: Everything You Need to Know

Colors bring joy – except when they adorn your teeth. Because brown, yellow, black, or green spots can dull any smile, no matter how bright – and usually the self-confidence of the person to whom it belongs. Why tooth discolorations occur in the first place, where you can have tooth discolorations removed, and how you can prevent them from occurring in the first place, are discussed in this article. What is Tooth Discoloration? The color of teeth naturally varies from person to person. It is influenced by dentin and genetic factors: While one person may flash white teeth every time they open their mouth, a cream tone may be completely natural for another. Discolorations are only spoken of when teeth take on a different shade than their natural hue. There can be countless reasons for this: metabolic diseases, medications, poor diet, dark dental fillings, smoking, red wine, tea, and many others. Are Tooth Discolorations Dangerous? Not everything that doesn't look pretty is necessarily a danger to health: In and of themselves, tooth discolorations are not considered dangerous. However, they can be a clear indication of suboptimal lifestyle habits – which in themselves can indeed be problematic: For example, consuming large amounts of red wine or cigarettes. How do Tooth Discolorations Occur? There are different types of tooth discolorations – internal and external. While deposits of all kinds usually lead to external discolorations, internal tooth discolorations have a variety of causes: disturbances in tooth development, medications, accidents, dead or root canal-treated teeth, or even fillings can play a role. These Factors Can Lead to External Tooth Discolorations Excessive Smoking One of the biggest factors for discoloration is cigarettes. Tobacco contains tar. You can regularly see for yourself how dark and sticky it is during road construction – and then imagine that mass diluted on your own teeth. The nicotine it also contains causes a patchy yellow appearance. Red Wine, Coffee, and Tea Coffee for breakfast, red wine with dinner, and tea before bedtime – for many people, these rituals mean sheer quality of life. They earn them a firm place in everyday life. However, these favorite beverages also bring many plant-based tannins, whose color pigments penetrate the enamel and cause dark discolorations. Juices and Fruits It sounds paradoxical at first, but too much fruit can attack the teeth – whether whole or as juice. This is because its acid content weakens the enamel. Generally, the thinner the enamel, the more likely discolorations are. This is because it covers the dentin – which has a yellowish shimmer. Additionally, the acid contributes to the easier deposition of fruit sugar. Spices Some secret spice tips like curry or saffron can quickly stain yellow. The good news: timely brushing usually helps here. These Factors Can Lead to Internal Tooth Discolorations Medications: Drugs, such as antibiotics, can discolor teeth (e.g., during embryonic development in the womb) both from the outside and from the inside. In adults, it leads to an influence on the oral and intestinal flora with various possible effects. Fillings: Sometimes even dental fillings are the reason for discolorations: e.g., amalgam, which is still allowed in Germany today but is rarely used. Ceramic fillings, for example, are considered to be discoloration-proof alternatives. Dead Teeth Caries or severe teeth grinding can lead to the death of teeth. Root canal treatments can preserve such a tooth – but there's a chance that it will darken. Enamel Defects Negative influences before and after birth, such as various medications, but also genetic factors, can impair the development of teeth at an early age: for example, enamel defects are especially common in children as a cause of tooth discoloration. Diseases Finally, diseases such as metabolic disorders or congenital bile duct obstruction can lead to tooth discolorations. The latter results in a greenish tint. Frequently, this affects mainly the canines and incisors. How Can Tooth Discolorations Be Removed? To eliminate tooth discolorations, it's best to consult professionals. Even though the supposed miraculous power of home remedies like baking soda or bicarbonate is widely touted on the internet and in amateur magazines: the mentioned substances can actually attack the enamel – and thereby doom the mission to failure. Professional dental cleanings and bleaching, on the other hand, are sensible measures to make stained teeth shine again. Key Points at a Glance Stained teeth are a complex phenomenon with numerous causes. Cigarettes are the arch-enemy of white teeth. Red wine, coffee, and tea should be enjoyed in moderation. Choose wisely with dental fillings: ceramic over amalgam. Regular professional dental cleanings help prevent discolorations from occurring in the first place. For severely discolored teeth, bleaching can be an option. Time For a Professional Dental Cleaning? You can find Dental21 practices at over 50 locations throughout Germany. Benefit from treatment with state-of-the-art technology with us. Book your appointment now!

Periodontitis

In this article, we will explore the causes, symptoms, treatment options, and prevention of periodontitis. What is Periodontitis? Periodontitis is an inflammatory disease affecting the tissues that support the teeth, leading to the destruction of the gums, bone, and jawbone. It can result in painful gum inflammation and tooth loss if not treated early enough. Causes of Periodontitis The primary cause is a bacterial infection in the mouth caused by plaque buildup. If plaque is not regularly removed, it can harden into tartar, which is more challenging to remove and can lead to gum inflammation. This inflammation of the gums is called gingivitis. Gingivitis is a reversible condition that can heal with good oral hygiene. However, if gingivitis remains untreated, it can progress to periodontitis. In periodontitis, the inflammation penetrates the periodontium and destroys the tissue that anchors the tooth in the jaw, creating periodontal pockets. The persistence of this inflammation eventually leads to gum recession, bone loss, and loosening of the teeth. Other Contributing Factors: Smoking: Smoking significantly increases the risk. Diabetes: Diabetics have a higher risk of periodontitis as their immune system is compromised, making them more susceptible to infections. Genetics: Some people are genetically predisposed to periodontitis and have a higher risk of developing the condition. Stress: Stress can weaken the immune system, thereby increasing the risk of periodontitis. Poor Nutrition: An unbalanced diet low in vitamins and minerals can increase the risk. Symptoms of Periodontitis Symptoms can range from mild gum bleeding to painful inflammation and tooth loss. Common symptoms include: Gum Bleeding Redness and swelling of the gums Exposed tooth necks Loose teeth Tooth loss Bad breath It's crucial to detect and treat periodontitis early to avoid more severe symptoms and potential tooth loss. Prevention of Periodontitis To prevent the disease, it's important to brush and floss regularly to remove plaque and prevent tartar. Quitting smoking is also vital as smoking greatly increases the risk of periodontitis. Regular dental visits and professional cleanings are also essential to detect and treat periodontitis early. To prevent periodontitis, simple steps include regular brushing and using dental floss or interdental brushes to remove plaque and bacteria. It's also important to maintain a balanced diet and minimize the consumption of sugar and acidic drinks that can damage the teeth. Regular dental visits are crucial for early detection and treatment of any problems. Overall, periodontitis is a serious condition that can lead to tooth loss if not treated early. Therefore, it's important to improve oral hygiene and visit the dentist regularly to minimize the risk. Treatment of Periodontitis Treatment typically involves thorough cleaning of the teeth and gums to remove bacteria and inflammation. This can be done through professional dental cleanings or possibly through surgical procedures. After treatment, it is important to brush at least twice a day and use dental floss to prevent further infections. A microbial test can identify particularly harmful pathogens, which can then be treated with specific mouthwashes or antibiotics. In severe cases, surgical treatment may be necessary to stabilize and repair the gums and teeth. Determine Your Risk of Periodontitis Now! It's important to note that periodontitis not only affects the health of the teeth and gums but can also increase the risk of cardiovascular diseases. Therefore, it's crucial to treat and prevent this condition early to protect overall health. Various tests can be performed to identify hidden inflammatory processes. Book your next preventive appointment at one of over 50 Dental21 practices nationwide and find out if you are suffering from periodontitis. Book Your Appointment Now!

Removing Dental Plaque: Why It’s a Good Idea

The battle between good and evil has been a theme since the dawn of human history – for example, between good and bad bacteria. Those who neglect their oral hygiene are helping the bad bacteria win against the good ones: That's when dental plaque forms. And from there, tartar, caries, and inflammatory diseases have an easy game. This can not only become painful for those affected but can also turn out to be very expensive in the long run. Here you will learn where a happy ending for your teeth should start. What is Dental Plaque? Dental plaque, also called plaque, is a mixture of food residues, bacterial substances, and saliva that forms a biofilm on the teeth. If the plaque is not regularly removed, bacteria can settle in it and multiply quickly. Then, the plaque becomes thicker and turns yellowish after a short time. The calcium salts contained in it eventually lead to the formation of tartar – and this promotes caries, gingivitis, and many subsequent diseases. How Does Plaque Form? Plaque gets a new chance after every meal because it continuously forms – just 4 to 12 hours after brushing your teeth. It prefers to accumulate at the border between teeth and gums. As long as the plaque is still soft, it can be eliminated with good oral care – at least in places that are easily accessible with a toothbrush and dental floss. How Can I Recognize Dental Plaque? Visually, dental plaque can be recognized by its coloration: Initially, it is mostly a white-yellowish color, which then can turn brownish and, in smokers, even black. When you run your tongue over your teeth, affected areas often feel somewhat rough. However, those who want to know for sure can use special chewing tablets or mouthwashes to hunt for plaque: Older plaques are then shown in dark blue, and newer ones in pink. Now, nothing stands in the way of its removal! How Can I Remove Dental Plaque? The most important weapon in the fight against plaque is the toothbrush: For example, sonic toothbrushes clean both gently and thoroughly – brushing twice a day should be the minimum. Those who want to be on the safe side brush even after every meal. Important in the routine is not to forget the interdental spaces: Because they are a particularly popular hiding place for bacteria and plaques. Here, interdental brushes or other tools can be used. To ensure that brushing really cleans, one should regularly renew the utensils: Dentists recommend replacing the brush heads and the interdental brushes every six to eight weeks. Dental floss should fundamentally not be used more than once. Toothpaste with a high fluoride or sodium carbonate content and antibacterial mouthwashes are also a good investment in the fight against plaques. Moreover, our dentists recommend at least three professional teeth cleanings per year: There, professional staff remove both plaques and, if necessary, already-formed tartar. Individual tips for care are also provided free of charge. Key Points at a Glance: Dental plaques are the beginning of many serious problems like tartar, caries, or inflammations. Conscientious oral hygiene is essential in the fight against plaque: Daily brushing multiple times, cleaning the interdental spaces, and regular professional teeth cleanings should be part of the routine. Is It Time for Professional Teeth Cleaning? At Dental21 practices, you benefit from treatment with state-of-the-art technology. You can find us at over 50 locations throughout Germany. Book an appointment now and have dental plaque removed!

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