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Bruxism - Causes, symptoms, and Effective Treatment Methods

Have you ever been informed by your partner that you're grinding your teeth while asleep, or perhaps you've noticed it yourself during the daytime? It's a common issue, with many individuals experiencing teeth grinding either during the day or at night. But what exactly triggers this grinding, and what implications might it have? This piece offers a comprehensive look at Bruxism.

What is Bruxism?

Typically, Bruxism refers to teeth grinding, but it can also entail abnormal jaw muscle tension without the teeth making contact. An international expert consensus in 2013 classified Bruxism as "repetitive jaw-muscle activity characterized by clenching, grinding of the teeth, and/or bracing or thrusting of the mandible without teeth contact." This condition is categorized based on its occurrence, either during the day or night, each presenting more commonly in specific age demographics.

Sleep Bruxism is also observed in children, with nearly half experiencing it for a certain timeframe. Such grinding is deemed physiological, aiding in relieving teething discomfort and facilitating proper alignment of the upper and lower teeth. Yet, excessive grinding, even in children, is regarded as pathological. If you observe your child grinding their teeth at night, having a professional evaluation is advised. In adults, the prevalence decreases to about one in eight, with daytime grinding being notably more prevalent. Approximately 20% of the population experiences at least one form of Bruxism.

Identifying Bruxism: Symptoms and Signs

Bruxism's manifestations vary widely among individuals, with common symptoms including:

Jaw joint discomfort
Jaw joint discomfort
Pain in the masticatory (chewing) muscles or neck muscles
Pain in the masticatory (chewing) muscles or neck muscles
Headaches, predominantly in the temporal region
Headaches, predominantly in the temporal region
Increased tooth sensitivity
Increased tooth sensitivity
Tooth mobility unrelated to periodontal issues
Tooth mobility unrelated to periodontal issues
Erosion of tooth enamel and/or dental restorations
Erosion of tooth enamel and/or dental restorations
Restricted jaw movement
Restricted jaw movement
Impressions on the tongue and/or inside of cheeks
Impressions on the tongue and/or inside of cheeks
Noticeably enlarged masticatory muscles
Noticeably enlarged masticatory muscles
The non-inflammatory recession of the gums
The non-inflammatory recession of the gums

Symptoms like pain tend to be more pronounced upon awakening in cases of Sleep Bruxism.

Potential Triggers of Bruxism

While no definitive causes for Bruxism have been pinpointed scientifically, several potential triggers are under discussion. Sleep Bruxism may be influenced by sleep disturbances, psychological stress, substance use, and genetic or biochemical factors. Conversely, Awake Bruxism is often linked to stress and substance consumption as primary catalysts.

Diagnostic Approach of Bruxism

Typically, a dentist diagnoses bruxism through a comprehensive dental examination, assessing the teeth, temporomandibular joints, and masticatory muscles. Signs of tooth wear suggest grinding, while enlarged or tender masticatory muscles indicate abnormal tension, with or without tooth contact. Additional indicators might include asymmetry in the masticatory muscles, altered facial contours, tooth sensitivity, or deterioration of existing dental restorations.

To pinpoint specific concerns, dentists often utilize medical histories and questionnaires, and may also consult with family members. Third-party histories are valuable, as individuals living with the patient are more likely to notice symptoms like nocturnal grinding, especially during nighttime.

Treatment Options for Bruxism

Tailoring treatment to the underlying cause of bruxism is essential. A dentist should conduct an in-depth diagnostic evaluation to identify these causes. A targeted treatment plan is key to effectively alleviate symptoms.

A common intervention is the prescription of a custom-fabricated occlusal guard, designed in a dental lab to specifically fit the patient. This appliance protects the teeth and can disrupt the habitual cycle that leads to grinding. In cases where masticatory muscle tension is the primary cause, the dentist might recommend physiotherapy. If stress is a significant factor, stress management techniques such as progressive muscle relaxation, autogenic training, or meditation can be beneficial.

For those with nocturnal bruxism, a specific schedule for wearing the occlusal guard at night is advised.

Necessity of Treating Bruxism

Not all cases of bruxism require intervention, but a thorough evaluation is crucial. Immediate treatment is warranted if irreversible dental damage, discomfort, or other bruxism-related issues are detected. Persistent bruxism may require an extensive treatment approach. Early examination and intervention are crucial for effective management.

Grinding leads to the erosion of tooth enamel, which is irreplaceable and essential for protecting teeth against microorganisms and decay. Worn enamel significantly increases the risk of cavities. Grinding can also damage restorative materials like composite fillings or ceramics, potentially leading to additional treatment costs.

Chronic tension in the masticatory muscles can cause pain, restricted jaw movement, and temporomandibular joint damage.

Thus, early intervention for bruxism is vital. If you exhibit symptoms, schedule an appointment with your dentist and maintain regular dental check-ups and cleanings. Early detection often occurs during these routine visits.

Overview

Bruxism encompasses teeth grinding and persistent abnormal jaw muscle tension, both with and without tooth contact. It can manifest as:

Sleep Bruxism
Sleep Bruxism
Awake Bruxism
Awake Bruxism

Symptoms vary but often include dental hard tissue wear and masticatory muscle strain. Diagnosis typically involves medical history, thorough dental examinations, and questionnaire assessments.

Treatment, ideally performed by a dentist, should address the underlying causes. An occlusal guard is a standard treatment, with additional therapies as needed. Early treatment of bruxism is important to prevent pain and enamel erosion.

Regular dental check-ups facilitate early bruxism detection and timely treatment initiation.

Schedule a preventative dental appointment today!

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Antibiotika - Ein Mittel der Wahl bei Zahnentzündungen

Zahnentzündungen sind ein häufiges Problem, das Menschen jeden Alters betreffen kann. Sie reichen von leichten Beschwerden bis hin zu schwerwiegenden Zuständen, die sofortige medizinische Aufmerksamkeit erfordern. Bei der Behandlung einer Zahnentzündung spielen Antibiotika oft eine wichtige Rolle, um bakterielle Infektionen effektiv zu bekämpfen. In diesem Artikel erfahren Sie alles über die effektivsten Methoden zur Bekämpfung einer Infektion im Mundbereich, insbesondere durch die Einnahme von Antibiotika. Dabei liegt der Fokus auf einer verständlichen Darstellung, die es Ihnen ermöglicht, schnell und umfassend Einblicke in dieses wichtige Thema zu gewinnen. Grundlagen von Zahnentzündungen Eine Zahnentzündung entsteht, wenn Bakterien Zugang zu den inneren Bereichen eines Zahnes oder zu den tieferen Schichten des umgebenden Gewebes erlangen. Oft entsteht dies durch Karies, Risse oder Lücken in der Zahnstruktur. Die Anatomie des Zahns ist komplex: Er besteht aus dem harten äußeren Schmelz, dem darunterliegenden Zahnbein (Dentin) und dem Zahnmark (Pulpa), das Nerven und Blutgefäße enthält. Bakterien, die in die Pulpa eindringen, können zu einer Infektion führen, die sich bis zur Wurzelspitze und darüber hinaus ausbreiten kann, was eine Zahnwurzelentzündung zur Folge hat. Symptome und Erkennung von Zahnentzündungen Die Symptome einer Zahnentzündung variieren, können aber folgende Anzeichen umfassen: Schmerzen, die von mild bis intensiv reichen und bei Kälte, Wärme oder Kauen verstärkt werden können. Schwellungen im Gesicht oder am Zahnfleisch, die auf eine Ausbreitung der Infektion hinweisen. Eine erhöhte Empfindlichkeit des betroffenen Zahns. Manchmal sind Fieber und ein allgemeines Gefühl von Unwohlsein Zeichen einer weitreichenden Infektion. Oftmals wird eine Zahnentzündung nicht sofort bemerkt, insbesondere wenn sie im Inneren des Zahns beginnt. Sobald die Symptome jedoch auftreten, ist es wichtig, diese ernst zu nehmen und einen Zahnarzt aufzusuchen. Frühzeitige Erkennung und Behandlung sind entscheidend, um eine Ausbreitung der Infektion zu verhindern und schwerwiegende gesundheitliche Probleme zu vermeiden. Ein Zahnarzt kann eine Zahnentzündung durch eine gründliche Untersuchung, Röntgenbilder und, falls notwendig, weitere diagnostische Tests identifizieren. Sobald die Diagnose gestellt ist, kann eine geeignete Behandlung eingeleitet werden, die auch den Einsatz von Antibiotika umfassen kann, um die bakterielle Infektion zu bekämpfen. Die Bedeutung einer zeitnahen Behandlung kann nicht genug betont werden, da eine unbehandelte Zahnentzündung zu einer Reihe von Komplikationen führen kann bis hin zur Ausbreitung der Infektion auf andere Teile des Körpers. Die Rolle von Antibiotika bei der Behandlung von Zahnentzündungen Antibiotika sind in der Zahnmedizin ein entscheidendes Werkzeug zur Bekämpfung von Zahnentzündungen, die durch bakterielle Infektionen verursacht werden. Sie wirken, indem sie die Bakterien abtöten oder ihr Wachstum hemmen, was dem Körper ermöglicht, die Infektion selbst effektiver zu bekämpfen. Die Auswahl der richtigen Antibiotika bei einer Zahnentzündung hängt von verschiedenen Faktoren ab, wie z.B. dem spezifischen Bakterienstamm, der Schwere der Infektion und der individuellen Gesundheitsgeschichte des Patienten. Amoxicillin und Clindamycin sind Beispiele für Antibiotika, die häufig zur Behandlung von Zahnentzündungen eingesetzt werden, da sie ein breites Spektrum an bakteriellen Infektionen im Mundraum abdecken. Wann sind Antibiotika notwendig? Nicht jede Zahnentzündung erfordert den Einsatz von Antibiotika. In vielen Fällen kann eine Wurzelkanalbehandlung oder das Entfernen des infizierten Zahns ausreichen, um die Infektion zu beseitigen. Antibiotika werden in der Regel verschrieben, wenn die Infektion über den Zahn hinausgeht und das umliegende Gewebe betrifft, bei Patienten mit einem erhöhten Risiko für eine Ausbreitung der Infektion oder wenn das Immunsystem geschwächt ist. Die Entscheidung über die Notwendigkeit von Antibiotika bei einer Zahnentzündung sollte immer von einem Zahnarzt getroffen werden, basierend auf einer gründlichen Untersuchung und Diagnose. Die Frage, welches Antibiotikum bei Zahnentzündung am besten geeignet ist, sollte immer von einem Zahnarzt nach sorgfältiger Untersuchung beantwortet werden. Mögliche Nebenwirkungen und Risiken Obwohl Antibiotika wirksame Mittel zur Bekämpfung von Infektionen sind, können sie, wie alle Medikamente generell, auch Nebenwirkungen hervorrufen. Die häufigsten Nebenwirkungen sind gastrointestinale Beschwerden, wie Übelkeit, Erbrechen und Durchfall. Allergische Reaktionen sind ebenfalls möglich und können von Hautausschlägen bis hin zu schweren anaphylaktischen Reaktionen reichen. Einige Antibiotika, insbesondere solche mit einem breiten Wirkungsspektrum, können auch die natürliche Bakterienflora im Mund und im Darm stören, was zu einer Überwucherung von schädlichen Bakterien führen kann. Ein besonderes Augenmerk sollte auf die langfristigen Risiken der Antibiotikaresistenz gelegt werden. Die unsachgemäße oder übermäßige Verwendung von Antibiotika kann dazu führen, dass Bakterien Resistenzen entwickeln, wodurch diese Medikamente in Zukunft weniger wirksam oder sogar unwirksam werden. Daher ist es wichtig, Antibiotika genau nach den Anweisungen des verschreibenden Arztes einzunehmen und den vollständigen Behandlungszyklus zu beenden, auch wenn sich die Symptome verbessern. Alternativen und ergänzende Behandlungen Während Antibiotika eine wichtige Rolle bei der Bekämpfung bakterieller Infektionen spielen, gibt es auch alternative und ergänzende Behandlungsmethoden, die zur Heilung von Zahnentzündungen beitragen können. Eine Wurzelkanalbehandlung ist eine effektive Methode, um die Infektion direkt im Zahn zu entfernen, indem das infizierte Zahnmark entfernt und der Zahn von innen gereinigt, desinfiziert und versiegelt wird. In einigen Fällen kann auch die Entfernung des betroffenen Zahnes erforderlich sein, um die Ausbreitung der Infektion zu verhindern. Zur Linderung der Symptome und zur Unterstützung der Heilung können zudem Maßnahmen wie das Spülen des Mundes mit Salzwasser oder die Anwendung von kühlen Kompressen auf die äußere Wangenpartie hilfreich sein. Schmerzmittel können vorübergehend Erleichterung von Schmerzen und Entzündungen bieten, bis eine spezifische Behandlung durchgeführt werden kann. Diese sollten aber ebenfalls nur auf Anweisung und Dosierung nach ärztlicher Verschreibung verwendet werden. Prävention und Nachsorge Die beste Strategie gegen Zahnentzündungen ist die Prävention. Eine gute Mundhygiene, einschließlich regelmäßigem Zähneputzen, der Verwendung von Zahnseide und regelmäßigen zahnärztlichen Untersuchungen, kann das Risiko einer Zahnentzündung erheblich reduzieren. Dazu zählen auch regelmäßig durchgeführte professionelle Zahnreinigungen und zahnärztliche Kontrollen, die besonders wichtig sind, um Probleme wie Karies oder Zahnfleischerkrankungen zu verhindern oder sie wenigstens frühzeitig zu erkennen, bevor sie zu schwerwiegenden Infektionen führen. Nach der Behandlung einer Zahnentzündung ist eine sorgfältige Nachsorge entscheidend, um sicherzustellen, dass die Infektion vollständig ausgeheilt ist und um zukünftige Probleme zu vermeiden. Ihr Zahnarzt kann spezifische Anweisungen zur Pflege des behandelten Bereichs geben und wird wahrscheinlich Folgeuntersuchungen empfehlen, um den Heilungsprozess zu überwachen. Zusammenfassung und Schlussfolgerung Zahnentzündungen können schmerzhaft und potenziell gefährlich sein, aber mit der richtigen Behandlung und Nachsorge ist eine vollständige Erholung gut möglich. Antibiotika spielen eine wichtige Rolle bei der Bekämpfung bakterieller Infektionen, sollten jedoch verantwortungsvoll und nur unter Anleitung eines Zahnarztes oder Arztes verwendet werden. Durch die Kombination von medizinischer Behandlung mit guter Mundhygiene und regelmäßigen zahnärztlichen Kontrollen, können Sie Ihre Zähne gesund halten und das Risiko zukünftiger Entzündungen minimieren. Letztendlich ist die Zusammenarbeit mit Ihrem Zahnarzt der Schlüssel zu einer effektiven Behandlung und Prävention von Zahnentzündungen. Indem Sie sich um Ihre Mundgesundheit kümmern und bei den ersten Anzeichen einer Entzündung professionelle Hilfe suchen, können Sie sicherstellen, dass Ihre Zähne stark und gesund bleiben. Vereinbaren Sie hier Ihren Termin!

Protect your smile: The Comprehensive Guide to Dental Night Guards

In our fast-paced lives, stress and tension are constant companions for many. These pressures often manifest in the form of nighttime teeth grinding or clenching, medically known as bruxism. Bruxism not only disrupts sleep but can also cause long-term damage to the teeth and periodontium. Fortunately, an effective solution exists that benefits not just the teeth but also the jaw joint: the dental night guard. What is a Dental Night Guard? A dental night guard, known as a bruxism guard, bite guard, or nocturnal bite plate, is a dental tool designed to counteract unconscious teeth grinding and clenching. These custom-made guards are made from a durable yet comfortable plastic material and are typically worn at night. Their purpose is to separate the teeth, reduce pressure on the teeth, periodontium, and jaw joint, and relax the muscles. Using such a guard can significantly lower the risk of enamel wear and contribute to improved oral health. The Importance of Dental Night Guards The need for a dental night guard arises particularly in individuals suffering from bruxism. Untreated, this condition can lead to serious issues such as tooth damage, headaches, TMJ disorders, and even craniomandibular dysfunction (CMD). A bruxism guard helps alleviate these symptoms by creating a physical barrier between the rows of teeth. This promotes a neutral jaw position and supports the relaxation of the jaw muscles, leading to a significant reduction in bruxism-related discomfort. Types of Night Guards There are various types of dental night guards, each tailored to the individual needs of the wearer. The two main categories are the adjusted and non-adjusted night guards. Adjusted guards are specifically tailored to the patient's bite, ensuring optimal relief for the jaw joint and correct alignment of the teeth. Non-adjusted guards, on the other hand, provide general protection against wear without correcting the bite position. Both types can be made from hard or soft plastic, depending on what is most comfortable and effective for the patient. Choosing the right guard is crucial for achieving the desired therapeutic effects while maximizing comfort during wear. Understanding the different dental night guards and their specific uses is the foundation for making an informed decision about the most suitable guard therapy. In the following sections, we will delve deeper into the manufacturing process, costs, and insurance reimbursement, as well as care and cleaning of the guards to ensure your guard functions optimally and lasts a long time. Manufacturing Process Creating a bruxism guard requires utmost precision. Initially, the dentist takes an impression or a scan of the teeth. This step is critical to ensure the guard fits perfectly and functions effectively. The impression is then sent to a specialized lab, where the guard can be made using a thermoforming process or, more recently, 3D printing. Depending on the diagnosis and needs of the patient, the guard can be made from various materials, such as soft rubber-like plastic or harder variants. After fabrication, careful adjustments are made to ensure no pressure points are present and the guard fits comfortably. This process may require several visits to the dentist to ensure optimal fit and function. Costs and Insurance Reimbursement The cost of a bruxism guard depends on factors such as the material used and the complexity of its fabrication. Generally, the costs for a basic bruxism guard are covered by both private and statutory health insurance. For more specialized variants, like the adjusted night guard, additional costs may incur that may not be fully covered by health insurance. It's advisable to inquire with your health insurance beforehand to clarify any co-payments or reimbursements. A transparent and pre-discussed cost structure between the patient and dentist should exist in any case. Care and Cleaning The cost of a bruxism guard depends on factors such as the material used and the complexity of its fabrication. Generally, the costs for a basic bruxism guard are covered by both private and statutory health insurance. For more specialized variants, like the adjusted night guard, additional costs may incur that may not be fully covered by health insurance. It's advisable to inquire with your health insurance beforehand to clarify any co-payments or reimbursements. A transparent and pre-discussed cost structure between patient and dentist should exist in any case. Understanding these aspects—from the manufacturing process to costs and care—is crucial to getting the most out of your dental night guard. Decision Making: Upper or Lower? A common question regarding bruxism and dental night guards is whether they should be made for the upper or lower jaw. The answer depends on various individual factors, including the specific diagnosis and the preference of the treating dentist. Generally, both options offer effective protection against the consequences of teeth grinding, though the positioning may depend on the type of misalignment or jaw relation in individual cases. A comprehensive examination and consultation with the dentist are crucial to finding the optimal solution for each patient. Possible Disadvantages While bruxism guards and dental night guards offer numerous benefits, it's important to be aware of potential disadvantages. Some users report initial discomfort when wearing the guard, such as a feeling of having a foreign object in the mouth or increased saliva production. Additionally, improper care of the guard can lead to bacterial or fungal growth, posing a health risk. Long-term treatment of symptoms without addressing underlying causes, such as stress, can also be seen as a disadvantage for some patients. Summary The dental night guard is an effective means to treat teeth grinding and prevent associated damage and discomfort. For persistent issues potentially progressing towards craniomandibular dysfunction (CMD), complementary therapies like manual and physiotherapeutic methods should be considered. Choosing between an upper or lower guard, understanding insurance coverage, and proper care and handling are important aspects to consider. Individual consultation and customization by an experienced dentist are essential to maximize the benefits of guard therapy. Book your appointment now! FAQ/Frequently Asked Questions? What Does a Bruxism Guard Cost? Costs can vary, but many health insurance plans cover part or all of the expenses. Detailed consultation with your dentist can provide clarity on the costs of a bruxism guard and any possible co-payments. How Do You Clean a Bruxism Guard? The guard should be cleaned daily with a toothbrush and toothpaste. To avoid roughening the surface, use a non-abrasive paste, avoiding whitening toothpaste as it typically contains more abrasive materials. Additionally, occasional cleaning with denture cleaning tablets is recommended. Using a mild dishwashing detergent for cleaning is also an option. Is an Upper or Lower Bruxism Guard Better? The choice depends on individual needs and your dentist's recommendation. Both options are effective in reducing teeth grinding and its consequences. Are There Any Disadvantages to Wearing a Bruxism Guard? Initial discomfort and adjustment issues may occur but usually subside over time. Proper care of the guard minimizes the risk of disadvantages. An initial increase in saliva flow is normal and diminishes after a short period. Schedule Your Appointment Here!

Understanding and Treating Temporomandibular Joint Dysfunction - TMJ

Eating and chewing are integral parts of our daily lives and should occur without pain or other complaints. TMJ significantly restricts affected individuals in their daily activities and can manifest not only as severe jaw pain but also as pain in the forehead or temples. Ear noises can also be symptoms of TMJ, greatly limiting the quality of life of those affected. What is TMJ? Temporomandibular Joint Dysfunction, or TMJ, is an umbrella term for functional disorders of the masticatory system that are based on multifaceted causes and can trigger a varied spectrum of complaints in affected individuals. About 8-10% of the population in Germany suffers from TMJ. What are Typical Symptoms and How do I Know if I Have TMJ? Affected individuals may experience typical symptoms, such as: Limited mouth opening Restricted movement of the lower jaw Improper jaw closure Pain in the area of the jaw joints, temples, forehead, along the jaw Painful masticatory muscles Dizziness Ear noises Jaw joint noises (clicking or grinding) Back pain Symptoms of TMJ can be very diverse and individual. If you suffer from the mentioned symptoms or believe you might be affected by TMJ, you should promptly consult a dentist. They can investigate the causes of your symptoms and develop a treatment plan based on their findings. What are The Possible Causes of TMJ? The human masticatory system is complex, and there are many different areas where it can become abnormal or faulty. TMJ rarely arises from a single factor but is usually caused by a combination of different functional disorders, such as chronic tension in the jaw and masticatory muscles, incorrect dental contacts, or changes in the jaw joint itself. However, the psychological aspect should not be overlooked, as TMJ can also be triggered by stress. How Does TMJ Develop? Teeth grinding can wear down tooth enamel. Over time, this can change the bite position and lead to alterations in the position of the jaw joints. Clicking or grinding noises, as well as pain in the jaw joint extending to back pain, can result. The mouth opening and movements in the lower jaw can be limited, making chewing increasingly difficult. In cases of long-standing jaw joint pain with severe complaints, jaw surgery may sometimes be the last resort. As you can see, TMJ leads to a cascade of symptoms. Therefore, we recommend starting TMJ treatment early to avoid late consequences. How is TMJ Treated? A thorough medical history and investigation of the cause(s) are particularly important to create an individually optimal therapy plan. The therapy plan should be not only symptom-oriented but also cause-oriented to ensure a lasting improvement for the affected individuals. When TMJ is diagnosed, therapy is usually quite comprehensive. Often, a jaw joint-aligned splint is custom-made in a dental laboratory. This should be worn for a duration of at least three to six months, at night and also for a few hours during the day. For severe misalignments, early orthodontic evaluation is advisable. Pain medication may be taken for a short period under the direction and prescription of a physician for symptomatic treatment. If there is high psychological stress, for example, due to a significant restriction of quality of life, or if a psychological cause for the symptoms is suspected, psychological support should be sought. This can also direct individuals to self-help groups for symptom management. Physiotherapeutic or speech therapy support may also be included to provide the best possible support for affected individuals. The entire treatment journey, from diagnosis to the start of treatment and the evaluation of therapeutic success, should be guided by a dentist. They have an overview of the symptoms and various therapeutic approaches being pursued throughout the entire period. This is especially essential in TMJ, which is often characterized by particularly complex causes and multiple involved practitioners. In particularly severe cases, jaw surgery may be necessary. Do not let it get to that point, but seek timely consultation with a dentist if you have jaw joint complaints. Is it Necessary to Treat TMJ? The symptoms of TMJ can range from jaw clicking to severe pain and even ear noises among affected individuals. Depending on the type and severity of the symptoms, TMJ can significantly impact the quality of life, making therapy advisable. For severe jaw or dental misalignments, early treatment is recommended, as corrections are easier to perform in a younger dentition. Untreated TMJ can lead to long-term consequences, such as the wearing down of tooth enamel due to grinding, misalignment of the jaw joints leading to permanent damage or stiffening of the joints, and pain becoming chronic without treatment. Therefore, it's crucial to consult a dentist if you experience jaw pain or suspect you might have TMJ, especially to initiate early treatment for younger patients. Overview TMJ is a dysfunction of the masticatory system. Causes, like symptoms, can be diverse. There are both physical and psychological causes. Common physical causes include grinding and dental or jaw misalignments. Stress can be a physical as well as a psychological cause. Often, splint therapy is the first choice of treatment. The dentist guides the treatment path, often consulting other specialists, such as: Psychologists Physiotherapists Speech therapists Orthodontists Schedule your appointment now!

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